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<p class="MsoNormal">Here’s a quick reminder of our meeting on Friday. Please see the abstract below – it should be quite interesting! It is well aligned with the discussion we’ve been having of cross-sector storage.<span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<b><span style="font-family:Helvetica">Abstract</span></b><b><span style="font-size:24.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><br>
</span></b><b><span style="font-family:'Calibri Light',sans-serif">Structuring a Zero Carbon Energy System with Synthetic Fuels</span></b><b><span style="font-size:24.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">Alan Lamont</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">If we are to entirely decarbonize the energy system, we will need to produce carbon free electricity and carbon free fuels. Some amount of fuel will be needed within the industrial and transportation sectors.
Fuels can also provide energy storage, particularly long-term storage, to take advantage of seasonal variations in energy and to back up the electric generation system. The fuels may include hydrogen, ammonia, methanol, and other hydrocarbons. Fuels will
be produced from electrical energy and perhaps heat. To produce fuels electric generation above the direct electric load can be captured and used for fuel production. This implies that the electricity system will be considerably larger than today. In developing
this system, key design decisions will include the mix of electric generating technologies, the capacities of generators, and the capacity of the fuel production technology. Regardless of the electric generation technologies chosen, the excess energy for
fuel production will be quite variable. The total energy captured depends on the variability of the electric generation and the capacity that is installed to produce fuel. A large fuel production capacity can capture the peaks in electricity production.
However, as fuel production capacity is increased, the marginal energy captured declines, so the overall capacity utilization of production capacity falls off, increasing the total system cost without providing much additional fuel. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">This research explores the issues in designing an electric generation and fuel production system. It first develops an analytic framework to determine the energy available for fuel production as a function
of the electric generation mix and the fuel production capacity. It then explores the cost tradeoff of different system designs. The discussion identifies possible technologies that might make the system more cost effective. Finally, the study identifies
several questions that need additional study.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">Join Zoom Meeting<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">https://ucmerced.zoom.us/j/4364884550<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">Meeting ID: 436 488 4550<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"> +1 301 715 8592 US (Washington DC)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">Meeting ID: 436 488 4550<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">Find your local number: https://ucmerced.zoom.us/u/kdsmEq3G8S<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">162.255.37.11 (US West)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">162.255.36.11 (US East)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">115.114.131.7 (India Mumbai)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">115.114.115.7 (India Hyderabad)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">213.19.144.110 (Amsterdam Netherlands)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">213.244.140.110 (Germany)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">103.122.166.55 (Australia Sydney)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">149.137.24.110 (Japan Osaka)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">Meeting ID: 436 488 4550<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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